2/21/2023 0 Comments The carrion crow poe![]() ![]() Cuckoo chicks of this, and many other species, produce a malodorous secretion alongside their fecal matter, that may aid the sole nest-occupant cuckoo chick in its own antipredator defenses ( Trnka et al., 2016). Carrion crows are larger than great spotted cuckoos and their brood endures little-to-no cost from parasitism ( Ibáñez-Álamo et al., 2012). Interestingly, in the carrion crow – great spotted cuckoo system, there is occasionally a benefit for crows to raise the foreign nestlings ( Canestrari et al., 2014). Hauber, in Reference Module in Life Sciences, 2021 Mutualism This finding is of special interest because it may point to a pleiotropy underlying color-based assortative mate choice promoting speciation in the system.Ībbigail M. This tentatively links gene expression, color phenotype, and a signature of divergent selection within a single divergence peak.Īnother highly divergent ‘island’ within the region contained a hooded-derived fixed variant in the regulatory region of RGS9 ( regulator of G protein signaling 9), a highly expressed gene in eyes (with lower expression in hooded crows), known to affect visual perception in vertebrates, as well as influence dopamine and opioid signaling in the brain ( Martemyanov and Arshavsky, 2009). The group ( Poelstra et al., 2014) also conducted an extensive gene expression profiling and found that at least 11 of the 21 melanogenesis genes underexpressed in gray hooded crow feather follicles were directly regulated by MITF (e.g., TYR, TYRP1, SLC45A2, RAB38, EDNRB2) or interacted with MITF in feedback loops (MC1R, HPGDS). This region turns out to contain a tandem array of voltage-dependent calcium channel subunits, including those encoded by members of the CACNG gene family responsible for transmembrane regulators of AMPA receptors, linked to the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor gene MITF, a central regulatory element of the melanogenesis pathway. A ~4.1 kb section of the region, associated with a local F ST peak, had longer haplotype blocks and provided evidence for recent, hooded crow-specific, positive selection. ![]() This region, potentially associated with an inversion and harboring 81 of all 82 fixed sites between carrion and hooded crows, including 40 annotated protein-coding genes, was characterized by significantly reduced levels of nucleotide diversity and increased LD. Science 344 (6190), 1410–1414, with permission from AAAS.Ī 1.95-Mb genomic region containing extreme genetic differentiation between carrion and hooded crows was mapped to a single chromosome. The genomic landscape underlying phenotypic integrity in the face of gene flow in crows. Reproduced from Poelstra, J.W., Vijay, N., Bossu, C.M., et al., 2014. The European distribution of the carrion crow (dark gray area) and hooded crow (light gray area) the hybrid zone is shown as a black solid line. ![]()
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